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American Journal of Orthodontics and... May 2023A failure of maxillary incisor eruption is commonly attributed to the presence of a supernumerary tooth. This systematic review aimed to assess the percentage of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
INTRODUCTION
A failure of maxillary incisor eruption is commonly attributed to the presence of a supernumerary tooth. This systematic review aimed to assess the percentage of impacted maxillary incisors that successfully erupt after surgical removal of supernumerary teeth with or without other interventions.
METHODS
Systematic literature searches without restrictions were undertaken in 8 databases for studies reporting any intervention aimed at facilitating incisor eruption, including surgical removal of the supernumerary alone or in conjunction with additional interventions published up to September 2022. After duplicate study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment according to the risk of bias in nonrandomized studies of interventions and Newcastle-Ottawa scale, random-effects meta-analyses of aggregate data were conducted.
RESULTS
Fifteen studies (14 retrospective and 1 prospective) were included with 1058 participants (68.9% male; mean age, 9.1 years). The pooled eruption prevalence for removal of the supernumerary tooth with space creation or removal of the supernumerary tooth with orthodontic traction was significantly higher at 82.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 65.5-93.2) and 96.9% (95% CI, 83.8-99.9) respectively, compared with removal of an associated supernumerary only (57.6%; 95% CI, 47.8-67.0). The odds of successful eruption of an impacted maxillary incisor after removal of a supernumerary were more favorable if the obstruction was removed in the deciduous dentition (odds ratio [OR], 0.42; 95% CI, 0.20-0.90; P = 0.02); if the supernumeraries were conical (OR, 2.91; 95% CI, 1.98-4.28; P <0.001); if the incisor was in the correct position (OR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.14-4.20; P = 0.02), at the level of the gingival third (OR 0.07; 95% CI, <0.01-0.97; P = 0.04) and had incomplete root formation (OR, 9.02; 95% CI, 2.04-39.78; P = 0.004). Delaying removal of the supernumerary tooth 12 months after the expected eruption time of the maxillary incisor (OR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.10-1.03; P = 0.05) and waiting >6 months for spontaneous eruption after removal of the obstacle (OR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.03-0.50; P = 0.003) was associated with worse odds for eruption.
CONCLUSIONS
Limited evidence indicated that the adjunctive use of orthodontic measures and removal of supernumerary teeth might be associated with greater odds of successfull impacted incisor eruption than removal of the supernumerary tooth alone. Certain characteristics related to supernumerary type and the position or developmental stage of the incisor may also influence successful eruption after removal of the supernumerary. However, these findings should be viewed with caution as our certainty is very low to low because of bias and heterogeneity. Further well-conducted and reported studies are required. The results of this systematic review have been used to inform and justify the iMAC Trial.
Topics: Humans; Male; Child; Female; Incisor; Tooth, Supernumerary; Retrospective Studies; Prospective Studies; Tooth, Impacted; Tooth Eruption; Maxilla
PubMed: 36907703
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2023.01.004 -
Australian Dental Journal Dec 2019The extraction of permanent molar teeth was first introduced in 1976 as a substitution for premolar extraction in cases with mild crowding. Since then, a number of... (Review)
Review
The extraction of permanent molar teeth was first introduced in 1976 as a substitution for premolar extraction in cases with mild crowding. Since then, a number of studies have investigated the effect of permanent molar extraction on dentofacial harmony. Undertaking the procedure of molar extraction is most commonly recommended in response to factors such as: gross caries, large restorations and root-filled teeth, along with its application in the management of anterior open bite and reduction in crowding in facial regions. It has been indicated, however, that before undertaking the extraction of molar teeth it is important to investigate the potential influence of the procedure on other molars, with particular consideration of their eruption path. This is due to the doubt as to the effect of the exact molar teeth extraction and their consequences. In light of this, This review was undertaken to investigate and compare the effect of first, second and the third molar teeth extraction and their subsequent dentofacial complex changes.
Topics: Bicuspid; Humans; Molar; Molar, Third; Tooth Eruption; Tooth Extraction
PubMed: 31465537
DOI: 10.1111/adj.12716 -
Stem Cell Research & Therapy Sep 2022Dental follicles are necessary for tooth eruption, surround the enamel organ and dental papilla, and regulate both the formation and resorption of alveolar bone. Dental... (Review)
Review
Dental follicles are necessary for tooth eruption, surround the enamel organ and dental papilla, and regulate both the formation and resorption of alveolar bone. Dental follicle progenitor cells (DFPCs), which are stem cells found in dental follicles, differentiate into different kinds of cells that are necessary for tooth formation and eruption. Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) is a transcription factor that is essential for osteoblasts and osteoclasts differentiation, as well as bone remodeling. Mutation of Runx2 causing cleidocranial dysplasia negatively affects osteogenesis and the osteoclastic ability of dental follicles, resulting in tooth eruption difficulties. Among a variety of cells and molecules, Nel-like molecule type 1 (Nell-1) plays an important role in neural crest-derived tissues and is strongly expressed in dental follicles. Nell-1 was originally identified in pathologically fused and fusing sutures of patients with unilateral coronal synostosis, and it plays indispensable roles in bone remodeling, including roles in osteoblast differentiation, bone formation and regeneration, craniofacial skeleton development, and the differentiation of many kinds of stem cells. Runx2 was proven to directly target the Nell-1 gene and regulate its expression. These studies suggested that Runx2/Nell-1 axis may play an important role in the process of tooth eruption by affecting DFPCs. Studies on short and long regulatory noncoding RNAs have revealed the complexity of RNA-mediated regulation of gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. This ceRNA network participates in the regulation of Runx2 and Nell-1 gene expression in a complex way. However, non-study indicated the potential connection between Runx2 and Nell-1, and further researches are still needed.
Topics: Bone Remodeling; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Cell Differentiation; Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; Dental Sac; Humans; Osteogenesis; RNA; Stem Cells; Tooth Eruption; Transcription Factors
PubMed: 36175952
DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03140-3 -
Pediatric Dentistry Jul 2021The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between the number of teeth present at 12 months and decayed, missing, or filled surfaces (dmfs) at 30 and 48...
The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between the number of teeth present at 12 months and decayed, missing, or filled surfaces (dmfs) at 30 and 48 months. Data are from a longitudinal, multisite study with clinical dental examinations conducted at 12, 30, and 48 months of age. Spearman correlation and chi-square tests assessed relationships between teeth present at 12 months and dmfs at 30 (n equals 1,062) and 48 months (n equals 985). Spearman correlations were weak but significant for both 30- and 48-month time points (R equals 0.066, P=0.032; R equals 0.093, P=0.004, respectively). Mantel-Haenszel chi-square analyses of categories of teeth present at 12 months (zero, one to four, five to eight, and greater than or equal to nine) and categories of dmfs at 30 and 48 months (zero, one to two, three to five, six to 15, and greater than or equal to 16) revealed nonsignificant (P=0.326) relationship with 30-month dmfs but a significant (P=0.013) relationship with 48-month dmfs. Results suggest that early tooth eruption is weakly associated with an occurrence of early childhood caries.
Topics: Chi-Square Distribution; Child, Preschool; Dental Caries; Dental Caries Susceptibility; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Tooth Eruption
PubMed: 34467845
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Dental Research May 2008Teeth move through alveolar bone, whether through the normal process of tooth eruption or by strains generated by orthodontic appliances. Both eruption and orthodontics... (Review)
Review
Teeth move through alveolar bone, whether through the normal process of tooth eruption or by strains generated by orthodontic appliances. Both eruption and orthodontics accomplish this feat through similar fundamental biological processes, osteoclastogenesis and osteogenesis, but there are differences that make their mechanisms unique. A better appreciation of the molecular and cellular events that regulate osteoclastogenesis and osteogenesis in eruption and orthodontics is not only central to our understanding of how these processes occur, but also is needed for ultimate development of the means to control them. Possible future studies in these areas are also discussed, with particular emphasis on translation of fundamental knowledge to improve dental treatments.
Topics: Alveolar Process; Bone Remodeling; Bone Resorption; Humans; Osteoclasts; Tooth Eruption; Tooth Migration; Tooth Movement Techniques
PubMed: 18434571
DOI: 10.1177/154405910808700509 -
Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research Dec 2023Tooth eruption is a pivotal milestone for children's growth and development. This process involves with the formation of the tooth root, the periodontal ligament (PDL)... (Review)
Review
Tooth eruption is a pivotal milestone for children's growth and development. This process involves with the formation of the tooth root, the periodontal ligament (PDL) and the alveolar bone, as the tooth crown penetrates the bone and gingiva to enter the oral cavity. This review aims to outline current knowledge of the adverse dental effects of antiresorptive medications. Recently, paediatric indications for antiresorptive medications, such as bisphosphonates (BPs), have emerged, and these agents are increasingly used in children and adolescents to cure pathological bone resorption associated with bone diseases and cancers. Since tooth eruption is accompanied by osteoclastic bone resorption, it is expected that the administration of antiresorptive medications during this period affects tooth development. Indeed, several articles studying human patient cohorts and animal models report the dental defects associated with the use of these antiresorptive medications. This review shows the summary of the possible factors related to tooth eruption and introduces the future research direction to understand the mechanisms underlying the dental defects caused by antiresorptive medications.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Child; Adolescent; Tooth Eruption; Tooth Root; Periodontal Ligament; Diphosphonates; Bone Resorption
PubMed: 36714970
DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12637 -
The Chinese Journal of Dental Research Sep 2021Tooth eruption is closely linked to the normal development of dentition and proper establishment of occlusion. Disturbances in tooth eruption may affect oral... (Review)
Review
Tooth eruption is closely linked to the normal development of dentition and proper establishment of occlusion. Disturbances in tooth eruption may affect oral physiological functions, facial contour and aesthetics; it is therefore important to understand the eruption process. This process is a complex biological event involving dynamic changes at the tissue and cellular levels. It is guided by anatomical structures as well as biological and molecular factors that result in the movement of the tooth to its final functional position in the oral cavity. Evidence increasingly suggests that stem cells contribute to tooth development and eruption. Multiple stem cell populations have been discovered in teeth and in their supporting tissues, such as dental follicle precursor cells, orofacial bone-/bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, periodontal ligament stem cells, stem cells from the apical papilla and dental pulp stem cells. These stem cells exhibit distinct differentiation capacities and are closely linked to alveolar bone remodelling, periodontium development and root formation during the eruption process. The present review summarises the current knowledge of the characteristics and functions of orofacial stem cells in tooth eruption, with a particular focus on recent discoveries concerning their lineage allocation and regulatory mechanisms.
Topics: Cell Differentiation; Periodontal Ligament; Stem Cells; Tooth; Tooth Eruption
PubMed: 34491008
DOI: 10.3290/j.cjdr.b1965049 -
Calcified Tissue International Aug 2020Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heterogeneous connective tissue disorder characterized by repeated fractures and skeletal disorders. At present, bisphosphonate (BP)...
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heterogeneous connective tissue disorder characterized by repeated fractures and skeletal disorders. At present, bisphosphonate (BP) therapy is the gold standard for OI treatment. The present retrospective study evaluated the effect of BP therapy on tooth development and eruption of permanent teeth in a cohort of children receiving pamidronate. Three groups were studied: patients with OI who were treated with BPs (n = 45), patients with OI who were not treated with BPs (n = 117), and age- and gender-matched healthy controls (n = 121). Dental age, dental maturity, and tooth eruption were assessed on panoramic radiographs using the methods of Demirjian et al. (Hum Biol 45(2):211-227, 1973) and Haavikko (Suom Hammaslaak Toim 66(3):103-170, 1970) and were evaluated using the t-test, Chi-square test, and the Mann-Whitney U test. Dental age in the study group was significantly (p < 0.05) lower than chronological age compared with both control groups. Dental maturity and the eruption of permanent teeth were also significantly (p < 0.05) delayed in the study group in relation to the two control groups. The dental age was significantly lower (p < 0.001) in patients with OI type III treated with BPs compared with healthy controls and the dental maturation was significantly delayed in patients with OI type IV treated with BPs compared with those not treated. In conclusion, BP therapy in OI patients seems to lower the dental age, delay the dental maturity, and tooth eruption. BP administration before 2 years of age might be a contributing factor.
Topics: Adolescent; Case-Control Studies; Child; Diphosphonates; Female; Humans; Male; Osteogenesis Imperfecta; Pamidronate; Retrospective Studies; Tooth; Tooth Eruption
PubMed: 32451573
DOI: 10.1007/s00223-020-00707-1 -
Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research May 2009Tooth eruption requires the presence of a dental follicle (DF), alveolar bone resorption for an eruption pathway, and alveolar bone formation at the base of the bony... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
Tooth eruption requires the presence of a dental follicle (DF), alveolar bone resorption for an eruption pathway, and alveolar bone formation at the base of the bony crypt. The objectives of our investigations have been to determine how the DF regulates both the osteoclastogenesis and osteogenesis needed for eruption.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Multiple experimental methods have been employed.
RESULTS
The DF regulates osteoclastogenesis and osteogenesis by regulating the expression of critical genes in both a chronological and spatial fashion. In the rat 1st mandibular molar there is a major burst of osteoclastogenesis at day 3 postnatally and a minor burst at day 10. At day 3, the DF maximally expresses colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) to down-regulate the expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG) such that osteoclastogenesis can occur. At day 10, the minor burst of osteoclastogenesis is promoted by upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and RANKL in the DF. Spatially, the bone resorption is in the coronal portion of the bony crypt and genes such as RANKL are expressed more in the coronal region of the DF than in its basal one-half. For osteogenesis, bone formation begins at day 3 at the base of the bony crypt and maximal growth is at days 9-14. Osteo-inductive genes such as bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) appear to promote this and are expressed more in the basal half of the DF than in the coronal. Conclusion - The osteoclastogenesis and osteogenesis needed for eruption are regulated by differential gene expression in the DF both chronologically and spatially.
Topics: Alveolar Process; Animals; Bone Resorption; Dental Sac; Developmental Biology; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Molecular Biology; Osteoclasts; Osteogenesis; Rats; Tooth Eruption
PubMed: 19419449
DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-6343.2009.01439.x -
International Journal of Environmental... Jul 2022Eruption is a complex and dynamic process determined by both genetic and epigenetic factors. This process involves a number of changes in the tissues surrounding the...
Eruption is a complex and dynamic process determined by both genetic and epigenetic factors. This process involves a number of changes in the tissues surrounding the tooth and in tooth morphology. The aim of this study was to analyze the eruption sequence of permanent canines and premolars on the basis of pantomographic images. The study material consisted of 300 digital pantomographic images of children in the developmental period. The study group consisted of 165 boys and 135 girls. Images of patients of Polish nationality, aged 6-10 years, without diagnosed systemic diseases and local disorders were used in the study. Results: The study has shown that the most common pattern of tooth eruption in the lateral zones is type A positioning of the lateral teeth, which is 4-5-3. This pattern is characteristic of both girls and boys. This pattern also occurs most frequently in the maxilla in both boys and girls. In the mandible, on the contrary, two patterns of lateral tooth eruption were predominant. In girls, types A and E/4-5-3 and 3-4-5/occurred in the mandible, while in boys, types A and C/4-5-3 and 5-4-3/were observed in the mandible. The process of tooth eruption is a recognized measure of a child's physical development, and pantomographic images are an effective and common diagnostic tool.
Topics: Age Factors; Bicuspid; Cuspid; Humans; Poland; Tooth Eruption
PubMed: 35886323
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148464